Particle Monitor

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=100 BGCOLOR="#CCCCFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="0d200640egdysm.jpg"> <div> <FONT SIZE="6" COLOR="#000066" FACE="Arial" ><B>Jonas, Inc.</B></FONT><FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#000099" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#000099" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT><B>  </B><B> |     </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Jonas, Inc."><U><B>Home</B></U></A><B> </B><B> </B><B>  </B><B> |    </B><A HREF="contact.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Contact Us"><U><B>Contact Us</B></U></A><B>   </B><B>                                         </B></div> <div> back to<B>  </B><A HREF="products.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Products"><U><B>Products</B></U></A><B>    </B><B>|    </B><A HREF="particle_quote.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Request a Quote for a Particle Monitor"><U><B>Request a Quote for a Particle Monitor</B></U></A><B>       </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000099" FACE="Arial" ><B>                                                                           </B></FONT></div> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=155 BGCOLOR="#0000BF" TEXT="#F7F7FF"> <div> <A HREF="devices.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Monitoring Devices"><U>Monitoring Devices</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="nozzle.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="EPRI Isokinetic Sampling Nozzles (Probes"><U>EPRI Isokinetic Sampling Nozzles (Probes) for Gases and Liquids </U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="deposit.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Turbine Deposit Collector / Simulator"><U>Turbine Deposit Collector / Simulator</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="corrosion_monitor.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Online Corrosion Monitor"><U>Online Corrosion Monitor</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="atmospheric.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Atmospheric and Corrosion Monitoring"><U>Atmospheric and Corrosion Monitoring</U></A></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c8ffcccc00.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Particle Monitor</B></div> <div> <A HREF="filter.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Air Filter Failure Alarm"><U>Air Filter Failure Alarm</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="coal.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Monitor for Coal and Fly Ash Flows"><U>Monitor for Coal and Fly Ash Flows</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="steam_blow.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Monitor for Steam and Air Blowing"><U>Monitor for Steam and Air Blowing</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="cation.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Portable Calibrator / Laboratory Water a"><U>Portable Calibrator / Laboratory Water and Steam Analyzer</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="moisture.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Wet Steam Enthalpy and Moisture Monitor"><U>Wet Steam Enthalpy and % Moisture Monitor</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="early_condensate.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Sampler for Condensing Phases in Steam a"><U>Sampler for Condensing Phases in Steam and Other Gases</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="dryprobe.htm" 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Collection Kit</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="ruptdisc.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Turbine Rupture Disk Covers"><U>Turbine Rupture Disk Covers</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="nitrogen.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Nitrogen Sparging and Blanketing of Stor"><U>Nitrogen Sparging and Blanketing of Storage Tanks</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="water_induction_ae.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Water Induction Detector (Accoustic Emmi"><U>Water Induction Detector (Accoustic Emmission Based)</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="water_induction_heat.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Water Induction and Entrainment Detector"><U>Water Induction and Entrainment Detector (Heat Sensor)</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="water_induction_gamma.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Water Induction Detector (Gamma Based)"><U>Water Induction Detector (Gamma Based)</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="exfoliation_monitor.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Exfoliation Monitor for Natural Gas Pipe"><U>Exfoliation Monitor for Natural Gas Pipelines</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="droplets.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Monitoring Oil and Water Droplets in Na"><U>Monitoring Oil  and Water Droplets in Natural Gas Pipelines</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="sterilizer.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Moisture Separator and Moisture Monitor"><U>Moisture Separator and % Moisture Monitor for Hospital Sterilizers</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="ferment.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Fermentation Monitor"><U>Fermentation Monitor</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="icing.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Icing Detector"><U>Icing Detector</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="rain_monitor.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Rain, Sleet, and Hail Size and Density M"><U>Rain, Sleet, and Hail Size and Density Monitor</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="lessons.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Lessons Learned Database"><U>Lessons Learned Database</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="valve_packing.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="PreStressing of Valve Packings"><U>Pre-Stressing of Valve Packings</U></A></div> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" height=380 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <B>Particle Monitor and Alarm </B></div> <div> An instrument for the continuous, inline, online monitoring of particle flow and concentration; solid particles, and colloids in gases and liquids, and liquid droplets and aerosols in gases.  The monitor can measure the number and average mass of particles, and the mass of each individual particulate and calculate particle size.  Up to eight probes per monitor. </div> <div> <B>Characteristics </B></div> <div> <B>Detectable Size:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  sub-micron (~100 nm) and larger in gases, 50 micron and larger in liquids</FONT></div> <div> <B>Detectable Weight:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > 10^-15 grams and higher in gases, 10^-7 grams and higher in liquids </FONT></div> <div> <B>Environment:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  any gas or liquid including air, steam, reactive gases, water, oil, and acids  </FONT></div> <div> <B>Temperature:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Up to 1400 C / 2500 F (higher possible)  </FONT></div> <div> <B>Pressure:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Up to 70 MPa/10,000 psi (higher possible) </FONT></div> <div> <B>Detecting Probes:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Up to 8 per monitor, stationary or traversing</FONT></div> <div> <B>Applications </B></div> <div> <B>Steam generation:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > Exfoliated oxides in steam lines; flue gas particulates, control of combustion, precipitators, bag filters, and emissions; coal pulverization; coal movement through hoppers; presence of water droplets in steam (water induction and carry-over); geothermal steam, demisters. </FONT></div> <div> <B>Environmental monitoring:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Industrial emissions; dust and powders in the workplace, fugitive dust, aerosols, colloids. </FONT></div> <div> <B>Industrial processes:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > Any process in which the presence or flow of powders or particulates (fine or coarse) needs to be monitored, such as in mixing, pigment and paint production, milling, or precipitation.  Also useful for detecting malfunctions of equipment such as filters and electrostatic precipitators and monitoring of clean rooms.  Processes including aerosols and colloids.  Monitoring of baghouse filter leakage in blast furnace and other steel production stack emissions. </FONT></div> <div> <B>Material flow and transport:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Coal and ore mining and handling, agriculture, and manufacturing. </FONT></div> <div> <B>Oil and gas:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Monitoring of sand in oil, oil or water droplets in natural gas, solid and liquid particulates in gas, catalysts. </FONT></div> <div> <B>Atmospheric processes:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Special surveys of solid and liquid (aerosols and droplets) particulates (such as in weather and acid rain research); detection of rain, sleet, and hail. </FONT></div> <div> <B>Description </B></div> <div> The monitoring method is based on detection of minute shock waves produced by the impact of a particle or droplet on a probe.  A transducer converts these waves, which are proportional to the kinetic energy, into electrical signals: </div> <div>                          K.E. = ½mv^2            (m = mass, v = impact velocity)</div> <div> An example of the equipment for monitoring flow in a pipe is shown below: </div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="570" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 225 ><NOBR><div> <IMG SRC="1392cdb0.gif" border=0 width="300" height="219" ALT="Monitoring of Flow of Particulates through a Pipe" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><bR> <bR> <div> <IMG SRC="13b2ca20.jpg" border=0 width="300" height="162" ALT="Equipment for Monitoring Flow of Particles through a Pipe" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 48 ><NOBR><div> <B>Figure 1. Monitoring of Flow of</B></div> <div> <B>                  Particulates through a Pipe</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>Figure 2. Equipment for </B></div> <div> <B>                  Monitoring Flow of </B></div> <div> <B>                  Particles through a Pipe</B><B> </B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP COLSPAN=2 HEIGHT= 266 WIDTH="562"><bR> <bR> <bR> <div> <B><IMG SRC="13d2ccd0.jpg" border=0 width="300" height="205" ALT="Stack Emission Monitoring PRobe in a Solid Waste Incinerator" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP COLSPAN=2 HEIGHT= 420 ><NOBR><div> <B>Figure 3.  Stack Emission Monitoring Probe in a Solid Waste Incinerator</B></div> <bR> <div> <B><IMG SRC="1c2c85b0.jpg" border=0 width="200" height="347" ALT="Cycle Dust Collector Traversity Monitoring Probe in a Coal Gassification Plant" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Figure 4.  Cycle Dust Collector Traversing Monitoring Probe in a Coal Gassification Plant</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> For monitoring dust in a work place, sampled gas is pumped through a nozzle with a probe inserted in the high velocity flow. </div> <div> Examples of particulate flow records are shown below: </div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="564" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 207 ><NOBR><div> <IMG SRC="1f49fc90.gif" border=0 width="415" height="201" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 36 WIDTH="558"><div> <B>Figure 5.  Size Distribution of Particles in Flow</B></div> <bR> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 230 ><NOBR><div> <IMG SRC="1f5f4e00.gif" border=0 width="500" height="224" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 16 WIDTH="558"><div> <B>Figure 6.  Number of Particles vs. Time</B></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <B>Instrument Configurations (up to eight probes per monitor) </B></div> <div> <B>Particle Flow Monitor: </B></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Mass flow rate and number of particulates, aerosols, and droplets per second </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Mass distribution of particles </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Impact characteristics of each particle </div> <div> <B>Particle Flow Alarm: </B></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Number and mass of particles per second out of range </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Two level alarm </div> <div> <B>Services </B></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Servicing of installed equipment </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Monitoring particle flows in a process </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Installation and introductory testing of a monitor </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Development for special applications </div> <div> <B>Specifications </B></div> <div> <B>Monitoring:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > Number, mass, and size distributions </FONT></div> <div> <B>Detection limit (dependent on flow velocity):</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > 10^-19 grams (~10 nm) </FONT></div> <div> <B>Maximum number of impacting particles:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  20,000/sec; 200,000/mm^2*s </FONT></div> <div> <B>Sample size and frequency:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">1 Probe - 3 sec. every minute, 15 samples/minute maximum </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">2 Probes - each probe - 3 sec. every two minutes, etc. </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Each Probe is monitored, the particle flow characteristics are calculated and output, and the next Probe is then monitored in sequence. </div> <div> <B>Number of Probes monitored with one instrument:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Eight max. </FONT></div> <div> <B>Number of velocity or other analog inputs:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Four max. </FONT></div> <div> <I><B>Note:</B></I> The total number of Probes and velocity or other analog input signals cannot exceed eight in the standard configuration.  </div> <div> <B>Maximum distance of Monitor from Probe:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  500 ft. (can be extended by an optional line amplifier to 1000 ft.) </FONT></div> <div> <B>Signal amplification/gain:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > Total: 0 to 120 dB; Preamplifier: 20 to 80 dB </FONT></div> <div> <B>Threshold:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  Software adjustable </FONT></div> <div> <B>Maximum Analog Signal Amplitude to NI A to D Card:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > +/- 5 Volts </FONT></div> <div> <B>Data Storage:</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >  10,000 hr. with eight inputs and standard one minute updates </FONT></div> <div> <B>References</B></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">O. Jonas and L. Machemer. "Particulate Probe Answers Water Content Questions for Alabama Gas Pipeline." Oil and Gas Journal, September 18, 2000. </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">O. Jonas. "New In-line, On-line Instrument for Monitoring of Particulates in Flue Gas." IJPGC 98, Baltimore, August 23-26, 1998. </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">O. Jonas and R. Mathur. "Monitoring of Superheater and Reheater Exfoliation and Steam Blow", <I>56th International Water Conference</I>, Pittsburgh, October 1995. </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">O. Jonas. "PEPCO Morgantown Unit 2 JALM Particle Flow Monitor", <I>presented at the EPRI meeting</I>, Denver, Colorado, August 1992.</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">O. Jonas. "New Continuous In-line Instrument for Monitoring of Particulates", <I>Paper presented at the 4th Incipient Failure Detection Conf: Predictive Maintenance for the '90s</I>, EPRI, Philadelphia, PA, Oct. 15-17, 1990. </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">O. Jonas, New Continuous In-Line Method for Monitoring of Solid Particles and Results of Field Testing, presented at the Conf. on Solid Part. Erosion of Utility Steam Turbines ASME, EPRI, March 7-9, 1989, New Orleans; EPRI Report GS-6535, Sept. 1989. </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">O. Jonas and H. Clements, In-Line Monitoring of Particulates in Gas Streams, U.S. Dept. of Energy, SBIR Phase II Report, May 1989.</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">O. Jonas, In-Line Monitoring of Particulates in Gas Streams, Final Report of SBIR Phase I Project.  Jonas, Inc. for the U.S. Dept. of Energy, Feb. 1987. </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700c800000000.gif" HEIGHT="13" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">O. Jonas, et al, In-Line Monitoring of Flow of Exfoliated Oxides. Paper presented at EPRI Workshop on Solid Particle Erosion of Steam Turb., Nov. 13-15, 1985, Chattanooga, TN. </div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="particle_quote.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Request a Quote for a Particle Monitor"><U><B>Click Here to Request a Quote</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B><IMG SRC="1e266430.gif" border=0 width="358" height="67" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>